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The Baloch or Baluch (Balochi: بلوچ) are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, as well as in the Arabian Peninsula.
They mainly speak the Balochi language, a branch of Northwestern Iranian languages, and are an Iranic people. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in Balochistan, a western province of Pakistan;[8] 40% of Baloch are settled in Sindh; and a significant number of Baloch people in Punjab of Pakistan. They make up nearly 3.6% of the Pakistani population, about 2% of Iran's population (1.5 million) and about 2% of Afghanistan's population.[9]
Baloch people co-inhabit desert and mountainous regions along with Pashtuns. Baloch people practice Islam, are predominantly Sunni, and use Urdu as the lingua franca to communicate with other ethnic groups such as Pashtuns and Sindhis, as is the norm for Pakistan.
Area wise Balochistan is the largest province of our country. 48% of Pakistan area wise consists on Balochistan.The tribal culture is ruling in different areas of Balochistan.The climate of the upper area of Balochistan is characterised by very cold winters and hot summers. In the lower area, winters vary from very cold in northern areas Ziarat, Quetta, Kalat, Muslim Bagh and Khanozai to less colder conditions closer to the Makran coast. Winters are normal cool on the plains, where temperature never falling below freezing point. Summers are hot and dry, especially in the areas of Chagai and Kharan districts. The plains are also very hot in summer, with temperatures reaching 50 °C (122 °F).The record highest temperature, 53 °C (127 °F), was recorded in Sibi on 26 May 2010,exceeding the previous record, 52 °C (126 °F). Other hot areas includes, Turbat, and Dalbandin. The desert climate is characterised by hot and very tough conditions. Occasionally strong windstorms make these areas very difficult to live.
Balochistan is considered to be a neglected province where a majority of population lacks basic necessities of life, but the ruling people of the province has an entirely different story.Many members of the club have pieces of land greater in size than some small towns of the country, using precious vehicles rarely seen even in big cities and having more glamorous lifestyle than even royal families of the Arab world.The nature of the people of Balochistan is to love and to give warmth welcome and a great hospitality to their guests. Religion Islam has bound all the people of Balochistan in a very strong bond.They are loveable in spite of being “Conservative”. The people of Balochistan are living very simple life which makes them different from the people of other provinces of Pakistan. The people in Balochistan use to live in the form of groups and tribes. There are many tribes in the province which belongs to the different cities of this province, but the most commonly known and most powerful tribes are: (a) Baloch, (b) Pashtun, and (c) Brahvi.
Baloch:
The people from the tribe Bloch are basically Balochi speaking people and this tribe includes Rind, Lashar, Marri, Jamot, Ahmedzai, Bugti domki, Magsi, Khosa, Rakhshani, Dashti Umrani, Nosherwani, Gichki, Buledi, Sanjrani and Khudai.These all are the sub divided branches of a tribe Bloch. The head or leader of each tribe is called the “Sardar”, whereas the sub divided branches or sub divided tribes also have a head which is called “Malik” or “Takari” or “Mir”. The people of Balochistan believe that the people who become the Sardar and Malik of a tribe are the members of district and other local Jirgas. Baloch people use to believe that people of Baluch tribe who has originally came from Arabia or Asia Minor should be divided in two sub tribes as Sulemani and Mekrani.Pashtun:
The second largest tribe of Balochistan is the Pashtun tribe which is also a respectable tribe of this province and belongs to different cities of Balochistan.The Pashtun tribe is the group of Pashto speaking people which have the following sub tribes include Kakar, Ghilzai Tareen, Mandokhel, Sherani, Luni, Kasi and Achakzai.
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Brahui:
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The Brahui tribe is also further divided in sub tribes which include: Raisani, shahwani, Sumalani, Bangulzai, Mohammad Shahi, Lehri, Bizenjo, Muhammad Hasni, Zarakzai (which is also known as Zehri), Mengal and Lango.
Language of Balochistan People:
The people of Balochistan are much different in their culture and their spoken languages is also a part of their culture. The people, who live in the urban areas of the province, are able to understand and speak more than two languages whereas the people who are living in the rural areas, they found it difficult to understand the language other than their mother language. Balochi, pashto and Brahui are three major and common languages of people of Balochistan, except of these three languages, people of Balochistan speaks Urdu as it is a national language of Pakistan.In the areas of Kachhi and Sibbi the people use to speak Sindhi and Seraiki language. There are also many people who know the Punjabi, Darri and Persian and have adopted one of them as their language.
Dressing of Baloch People:
The people of Balochistan wears a pleasing and attractive dresses and it is almost same in all the tribes of Balochistan, the difference is very less and can be seen only after a deep analysis.Turban is the common headwear of the men of Balochistan. They usually wear loose salwar along with knee-long shirts. The dressing of the females in Balochistan is consists of the typical shirt having a big pocket in front. The shirt normally has embroidery work with embedded small round mirror pieces. Big ‘Dopatta’ or ‘Chaddar’, a long rectangular piece of cloth falling down the shoulders and used to cover head, are used by the women.
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Balochi Famous Food:
Balochi dry fruits are very famous all over the world.Their special item Sajji is liked and loved by many people in the world.They also eat roasted lamb and mutton.Dum Pukht is also a famous Balochi dish which is prepared by meat and it is cooked in fats.The food ingredients that are mostly known in Balochi cuisine include: potatoes, goat cheese, dry fruits and vegetables, milk and yogurt, mutton, and fish. Fresh vegetables are almost entirely absent from this cuisine. 90% of Balouchi cuisine consists of meat-based dishes.
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Baloch Festivals:
Sibi festival that traces its roots to Mehrgarh, an archeological site of ancient human civilization, attracts people from all over the country. It is attended by common people, ministers and other government officials. Folk music performance, cultural dances, handicrafts stalls, cattle shows and a number of other amusing activities present a perfect view of color. Buzkashi is a special festival showing culture of Balochistan people. It is celebrated on horseback by two teams that use their skills to snatch a goat from the each other.Balochi Wedding:
In Balochistan, marriages take place in the presence of a Mullah which is a religious teacher of those people and in the presence of some witnesses. All the family members take part in the marriage and they express their joy and happiness by performing in the wedding ceremony according to their culture. Except a negligible ratio of love marriages, all marriages are arranged. Divorce rate is very low in the Balochistan as compared to the other provinces of Pakistan. A lot of marriage ceremonies are celebrated in different tribes. In some tribes, the takings of “Valver”, a sum of money paid by the groom to his to be wife’s family, also exist.
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